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2020

-              v9
+              v10
 new regimes, delivering protons and light ions in a wide variety of time structures, spectral distributions, and spatial configurations at instantaneous dose rates up to and significantly beyond
 the ultra-high dose-rate ‘FLASH’ regime.
+ It is proposed that LhARA be developed in two stages. In the first stage, a programme of in-vitro experiments will be served with proton beams with energies between 10 MeV and 15 MeV. In
+stage two, the beam will be accelerated using a fixed-field accelerator (FFA). This will allow experiments to be carried out in vitro and in vivo with proton beam energies of up to 125 MeV. In
+ It is proposed that LhARA be developed in two stages. In the first stage, a programme of in-vitro experiments will be served with proton beams with energies between 10 MeV and 15 MeV. In stage two, the beam will be accelerated using a fixed-field accelerator (FFA). This will allow experiments to be carried out in vitro and in vivo with proton beam energies of up to 125 MeV. In
 addition, ion beams with energies up to 30 MeV per nucleon will be available for in-vitro an in-vivo experiments. This paper presents the conceptual design for LhARA and the R&D programme by
 which the LhARA consortium seeks to establish the facility.