Nuclear diagnostics and MRI: 3^rd and 4^th year option course

Outline

Module outline presented at May 2020 options fair
Module overview prepared as introductory handout

Overview

The course will run in the spring term from 15^th February to 26^th March 2021 and will be presented "online" in a mixture of asynchronous, pre-recorded "blocks" and synchronous "rapid feedback" sessions.

The asynchronous content will contain the more theoretical content delivered in the form of topic-specific mini lectures augmented by "active learning" online, e.g. "quizzes", mini literature-review projects, and problems. This material will be prepared by the lecturer (Ken Long) and course associate (Ruth McLauchlan) and released weekly by the Physics Undergraduate Office.

The synchronous content will address the practical application of the nuclear medicine and MRI techniques in the clinic. This material will be presented by practicing medical physicists experts in the various field. Contributions will be made by Kuldip Nijran and Rebecca Quest from the Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust and Sonia Nielles Vallespin from the National Heart and Lung Institute.

The synchronous content will be delivered in two "Rapid feedback and application" (RFaA) sessions will take place each week; the first on Wednesdays at 11:00 and the second on Fridays at 14:00. Each RFaA session will include protected time allocated for the students to raise questions related to any of the material presented in the course.

Two problem sheets will be issued during the course, the first in week 3, the second in week 7.

Assessment will be 100% by exam. The exam will be based on the asynchronous taught content and the material presented in the RFaA sessions.

Taught material

Week	Block	Section	"Active learning"
1. 15Fev21	1. Introduction, nuclear medicine o/v, nuclear decay theory	1. Introduction
		2. Methods for production of radionuclides
		3. Nuclear decay, revision
	2. Radionuclides, production methods, gamma-camera intro	1. Radionuclides for nuclear medicine
		2. Methods for production of radionuclides
		3. The gamma camera; introduction
2. 22Feb21	1. The gamma camera	1. Introduction
		2. Gamma camera
		3. Collimator
		4. Scintillator
		5. Examples
3. 01Mar21	1.	1.
4. 08Mar21	1. Introduction to MRI and quantum-mechanical foundations	1. Introduction to MRI
		2. Quantum mechanical foundations
	2. Classical derivation of Larmor eqation, Rotating M	1. Classical derivation of Larmor equation
		2. Rotating the magnetisation
		3. Free induction decay
5. 15Mar21	1. Determination of T1 and T2	1. Determination of the spin-lattice relaxation time, T1
		2. Determination of the spin-spin relaxation time, T2
	2. Magnetic Resonance Imaging: spatial localisation	1. Slice selective excitation
		2. Encoding spatial information in k-space
		3. Encoding spatial information into net magnetisation
6. 22Mar21	1. Magnetic Resonance Imaging: contrast	1. Spin-echo sequence for proton-density weighted image
		2. Spin-echo sequence for T1-weighted image
		3. Spin-echo sequence for T2-weighted image
		4. Comparison of T1, T2, and proton-weighted images
		5. Inversion recovery
	2. Magnetic Resonance Imaging: artefacts	1. Aliasing (wraparound) and the Nyquist theorem
		2. Truncation artefact; Gibbs phenomenon
		3. Random motion artefacts
7. 22Mar21	1. More MRI artefacts	1. MRI artefacts: periodic motion
		2. MRI artefacts: chemical shift

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